My article last week was the first installment of a two-part series on
how a senior can safely navigate the highly dysfunctional reverse
mortgage market. I suggested that step one is to choose the combination
of reverse mortgage features that best meets your needs, which can be
done effectively using my HECM calculator, with or without the pro bono
help of an expert. (See Selecting the Best Type of HECM Reverse
Mortgage). Step two, discussed below, is to find the lender offering the
best deal on the particular HECM you have selected.
Reverse Mortgages Have Two Lender Price Components: This is the interest
rate and the origination fee. The tradeoff between them depends on how
long you will have the mortgage — the longer you have it, the more
important is the rate relative to the origination fee. My calculator
does the work for you by showing how much you will owe, with different
combinations of rate and origination fee, at the end of any period you
specify.
The Stakes Are High: In many markets, including the market for standard
home mortgages, the difference between the most competitive price and
the “next-best” price is modest, but in the HECM reverse mortgage market
it can be huge. I have seen rate differences of over 1% and origination
fee differences exceeding $14,000. Among the reasons is that seniors
tend to focus on the amounts they can draw rather than what it will
cost, and lenders cater to that. With very few exceptions, lender web
sites do not disclose prices, and (until now) there have been no
published data on reverse mortgage prices anywhere. As explained below,
that will change with the publication of this article.
HUD also plays a role in generating large price disparities by setting
maximum origination fees. This allows lenders to charge the maximum fee
in cases where they should be paying rebates, by telling the borrower
that “the Government sets the origination fee.”
A Little Knowledge Helps: The market value of a reverse mortgage to the
lender originating it depends, among other things, on the initial loan
amount. This consists of upfront cash draws including repayment of any
existing mortgage balance, plus financed settlement costs.
If there are two transactions that are identical in all respects except
that in one case the borrower is drawing the maximum amount possible in
cash while in the other the borrower retains her entire borrowing power
as an unused credit line, the lender will sell the first at a
significantly higher price. In such case, the borrower who draws more
cash should get a lower price, and will in the small competitive segment
of the market. In the mainstream market, however, the mortgage with
greater market value is more likely to generate a larger markup for the
lender.
Borrowers for the first time now have access to a table showing
competitive prices of selected reverse mortgage transactions,
illustrating the price differences described above. An example of prices
are shown below:
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